Recently I got to a certain article - Wikipedia - the collective wisdom and collectivestupidity? Magdalena Szpunar, in which the author raises the question of the largestonline encyclopedia Wikipedia.
It is known that the vast majority of the population considers Wikipedia to be unreliable source of information and give it a pejorative meaning. I also am not a fan of this source of information, but I must admit that wikipedia can provide access toobtain information on the subject, because some entries and their contents havefootnotes, and so are not as reliable to the end.
In this encyclopedia, you can find both definitions of well-prepared and those whichhave a long way to perfection - containing errors or confusing the reader. Despite therisk of information quality encyclopedia is one of the most frequently cited sources,after which dates in the first instance, to get even rudimentary information on a topic.
Article which aroused my astonishment I read - especially when it comes to the creators of this Wikipedia.
The author demonstrates in this article that "through thenew media statuses laymen and experts to equalize, and each member of the online community has the opportunity to share his knowledge with others. Internet breaks down the monopoly of scientists to provide accurate and reliable information, therebyarguing that transfers information with the same value may create a group ofenthusiasts-nonprofessionals. "
In this article I found the data, which previously had no idea, namely:
- Polish version of Wikipedia in fourth place worldwide in terms of number of articles,and ahead of it only the English version, German and French
- In June 2008, page of Wikipedia was one of the ten most visited Polish Internet users - nearly 6 million recorded inputs, lasting on average more than 36 minutes.
Very interesting is the analysis of education statistics Polish wikipedians contradictsa common stereotype that the encyclopedia was made up of individuals with lowlevels of education. Well:
- The vast majority of respondents have tertiary education (58 percent)., 12 percent. aperson with a PhD, 8 percent. has completed postgraduate studies, and 6 percent.Undergraduate. Among the members are also professors who, in the Polish Wikipedia represent 2 percent. forming.
- Typical Polish Wikipedist is 23 years old, and the median age of members falls on1985 - 86 percent. -born between 1972 and 1993.
- Wikipedia is on the 17th site most visited websites in the world,
Although passwords are frequently edited and updated by users, this process of"production" of knowledge is not gained the recognition of scholars. Foregalitarianism Wikipedia paying a high price.
- It turns out that (contrary to popular opinion) to the quality of the online encyclopediais not too bad. The magazine "Nature" with the help of experts from various fields has shown that the number of errors and inaccuracies in the Wikipedia and Britannica is comparable. Experts who have examined a password and did not know the source,indicated that the 42 analyzed passwords, refer to inaccuracies in Wikipedia, only four cases
and such a belief function, so that people got used to that knowledge in the encyclopedia is the domain of experts. among men it was felt that the credibility of information depends on the degree. wikipedia shows that it can be otherwise. that the average user who is not an expert in the field, which holds no formal education - may propose to the community as much as a scientist ...
wikipedia is not bad, but it should not be the only source of information.
and for those interested - the whole story, but only in Polish http://www.e-mentor.edu.pl/artykul/index/numer/27/id/589
niedziela, 29 maja 2011
wtorek, 17 maja 2011
What can I do to avoid the collapse of the intellectual property rights?
For some time, ongoing discussions about the current shape of the protection of intellectual property rights. The question then arises whether it is obsolete by modern realities?
Downloading files from the Internet was is and probably will not for a long time to solve the problem.
The best way to change the attitude of young surfers to copyright issues is to make educational activities aimed at raising awareness and knowledge of networks and different types of copyright existing in it.
But even these measures do not fully solve the problem. The problem is in fact the price and be paid for such use of the track. For young people this is the biggest barrier, which is seeking to circumvent illegally.
Determining the price for such work depends on the person who created this track. Some bands sell albums that contain a dozen songs for a very low price. Users who do not want the whole album can be downloaded for free the only part of them. This solution provides two-way benefit - the artist earns, and you get to download the album. Why rigid and repressive legislation? Perhaps I should just change the way we think about copyright in the Internet?
Recently, I read that in France, the parliament passed a law stipulating that Internet users who illegally collect from the network audio and video files can be completely deprived of access to the Internet. The Act imposes an obligation on suppliers to track whether a person does not infringe copyright by downloading files from the Internet. The supplier will have the task to warn the surfer twice, and the third error of law, cut off its access to the network. A special government agency will be responsible for monitoring whether Internet users are paying for downloading music, software, games and movies. I wonder how these statements will be realized in practice?
Downloading files from the Internet was is and probably will not for a long time to solve the problem.
The best way to change the attitude of young surfers to copyright issues is to make educational activities aimed at raising awareness and knowledge of networks and different types of copyright existing in it.
But even these measures do not fully solve the problem. The problem is in fact the price and be paid for such use of the track. For young people this is the biggest barrier, which is seeking to circumvent illegally.
Determining the price for such work depends on the person who created this track. Some bands sell albums that contain a dozen songs for a very low price. Users who do not want the whole album can be downloaded for free the only part of them. This solution provides two-way benefit - the artist earns, and you get to download the album. Why rigid and repressive legislation? Perhaps I should just change the way we think about copyright in the Internet?
Recently, I read that in France, the parliament passed a law stipulating that Internet users who illegally collect from the network audio and video files can be completely deprived of access to the Internet. The Act imposes an obligation on suppliers to track whether a person does not infringe copyright by downloading files from the Internet. The supplier will have the task to warn the surfer twice, and the third error of law, cut off its access to the network. A special government agency will be responsible for monitoring whether Internet users are paying for downloading music, software, games and movies. I wonder how these statements will be realized in practice?
Privacy on the Internet.
Since when growing popularity of social networking sites, from time to time encounter incitement to boycott them. The problem turns out to be the matter of privacy.Recently, this applies to Facebook.
Such a boycott is the result of ignorance of users. They do not realize they are in fact the case that if a person sends something to the Internet, taking the risk that this material will be available to the public for other people. Privacy on the Internet is in fact an illusion. We must learn once and for all that our privacy depends on us.
If served anywhere on the Internet, in any form, certain information which may be interconnected, it is a risk that this will happen. The problem with privacy is primarily in the fact that on the one hand we want to ensure that our friends can find us on the Internet, say the name and surname, on the other hand, we have some reason to be ashamed of, for example, your number Messenger / ICQ, and not give him to the public.
Therefore, users should be educated.
When you publish your data anywhere: whether in the social networking site, or forum, or even via e-mail by signing your name and making public their data. Users should be aware of this, and if they cry, for example, that gave your phone number, they should themselves bear the consequences of their ignorance.
By protecting your privacy on the Internet, we must also reckon with the fact that our identity will not be recognizable. It all depends on how we treat their actions and how we treat other people. If you are ashamed of anything we say publicly, it's actually better to remain anonymous, or even the Internet does not provide. However, if you want to be in some way, recognizable and paired it will be difficult for us to keep your privacy 100%.
Therefore, the best solution is to maintain a greater distance, both to the whole panic about privacy, and to move it's head before publishing any information on the Internet.The problem lies in the lack of awareness of the user who is then himself guilty of the fact that it may run the risk of identity theft.
I recommend the article I. Hummel - What is yours is mine - Facebook and privacy
http://www.cafebabel.de/article/28876/zuckerberg-agb-datenschutz-facebook-privatsphaere.html
Such a boycott is the result of ignorance of users. They do not realize they are in fact the case that if a person sends something to the Internet, taking the risk that this material will be available to the public for other people. Privacy on the Internet is in fact an illusion. We must learn once and for all that our privacy depends on us.
If served anywhere on the Internet, in any form, certain information which may be interconnected, it is a risk that this will happen. The problem with privacy is primarily in the fact that on the one hand we want to ensure that our friends can find us on the Internet, say the name and surname, on the other hand, we have some reason to be ashamed of, for example, your number Messenger / ICQ, and not give him to the public.
Therefore, users should be educated.
When you publish your data anywhere: whether in the social networking site, or forum, or even via e-mail by signing your name and making public their data. Users should be aware of this, and if they cry, for example, that gave your phone number, they should themselves bear the consequences of their ignorance.
By protecting your privacy on the Internet, we must also reckon with the fact that our identity will not be recognizable. It all depends on how we treat their actions and how we treat other people. If you are ashamed of anything we say publicly, it's actually better to remain anonymous, or even the Internet does not provide. However, if you want to be in some way, recognizable and paired it will be difficult for us to keep your privacy 100%.
Therefore, the best solution is to maintain a greater distance, both to the whole panic about privacy, and to move it's head before publishing any information on the Internet.The problem lies in the lack of awareness of the user who is then himself guilty of the fact that it may run the risk of identity theft.
I recommend the article I. Hummel - What is yours is mine - Facebook and privacy
http://www.cafebabel.de/article/28876/zuckerberg-agb-datenschutz-facebook-privatsphaere.html
piątek, 22 kwietnia 2011
cyberbullying and the role of the teacher
If the problem of cyberbullying is concerned the role of the teacher should no be ignored. It is common knowledge that most of internet violence victims are still in school. It means that it is very important that schools should ensure the safety of their students.
Providing knowledge in secure usage of new technologies should be treated as a priority in schools, mainly because students are not aware of threats involved in internet usage, such as cyberviolence. First of all teachers along with students should discuss types of cyberviolence and present them with both perspectives : victim, and offender.
Significant fact concerning this case is how the educational system reacts in case of revealed cases of cyberviolence in school. Information of such cases can originate from various sources. Person which will report about such incident can be the victim, victim's parents, other students witnesses or teachers.
Young people often have false impression of anonymity when case of new technologies are concerned. Specialists are convincing that there are various ways of identifying source of cyberbullying. Peoples which are hired to find source of particular data sent via the internet must be aware of the fact that even with the identified source it is still needed to identify person responsible of the occurrence.
Regardless of who reported the event, intervention procedure should consist of:
• psychological assistance towards victim
• collecting evidence and determining circumstances of the event
• drawing the consequences to the offender
• attempt to alter the behavioral patterns of offender
All cases concerning violence, so cases involving usage of electronic medias should be properly studies and documented, because the will serve as baseline for further studies on phenomena of cyberbullying as well as in plans which will be aimed to decrease this trend.
Many perpetrators use “stolen identity” technique by using cellphones of other students, internet portal profiles, mail accounts etc. to send informations, messages, with harmful content. Difficulties with identifying “cyberbully” can be encounter in situation when content is sent via cellphones, wi-fi connections or other secured forms of connection.
Problem of cyberbullying is really significant and will spread even more around the globe because of constant increase in usage of new digital medias. Further studies aimed at finding sources and ways of diminishing this trend are needed.
Providing knowledge in secure usage of new technologies should be treated as a priority in schools, mainly because students are not aware of threats involved in internet usage, such as cyberviolence. First of all teachers along with students should discuss types of cyberviolence and present them with both perspectives : victim, and offender.
Significant fact concerning this case is how the educational system reacts in case of revealed cases of cyberviolence in school. Information of such cases can originate from various sources. Person which will report about such incident can be the victim, victim's parents, other students witnesses or teachers.
Young people often have false impression of anonymity when case of new technologies are concerned. Specialists are convincing that there are various ways of identifying source of cyberbullying. Peoples which are hired to find source of particular data sent via the internet must be aware of the fact that even with the identified source it is still needed to identify person responsible of the occurrence.
Regardless of who reported the event, intervention procedure should consist of:
• psychological assistance towards victim
• collecting evidence and determining circumstances of the event
• drawing the consequences to the offender
• attempt to alter the behavioral patterns of offender
All cases concerning violence, so cases involving usage of electronic medias should be properly studies and documented, because the will serve as baseline for further studies on phenomena of cyberbullying as well as in plans which will be aimed to decrease this trend.
Many perpetrators use “stolen identity” technique by using cellphones of other students, internet portal profiles, mail accounts etc. to send informations, messages, with harmful content. Difficulties with identifying “cyberbully” can be encounter in situation when content is sent via cellphones, wi-fi connections or other secured forms of connection.
Problem of cyberbullying is really significant and will spread even more around the globe because of constant increase in usage of new digital medias. Further studies aimed at finding sources and ways of diminishing this trend are needed.
Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying, otherwise known as cyberviolence it is violence channeled in direction of other peoples performed with usage of internet and other electronic medias like: e-mail, websites, chatrooms, discussion forums. Other forms of cyberbullying are using internet communicators or sms texting.
Results of study performed by GEMIUS in Poland show that:
• every second respondent (52 %) had contant with at least one form of verbal violence in realm
of Internet or via cellphone
• Most common complain concerned vulgar insults (47% of respondents)
• Every fifth respondent (21 %) was humiliated or ridiculed
◦ Results of studies showed that even blackmailing or intimidation occured, this happened to
16% of respondents
• 57% of respondents complained about pictures or videos placed in the Web without their
permission
It is needed to ask yourself a question: Why security in the Internet is so important? Because internet violence or opression can be very dengerous. Why? One of the reasons is that every insult (or private data) can be promptly send to hundred of thousands of people. Expansion of digital photography and video ( for example cameras in cellphones) makes it very easy to come into possesion of embarrassing photos or easily concoct normal ones.
Technological possibilities are fostering rise in agression level in the Web. Peoples can place their websites in some egzotic country which makes it nearly impossible to trace and shut down. Impunity is the key problem along with anonymity. Another factor is psychological easiness of humiliating other people which offender don't have to face in real life. It is obvious that psychology of the crowd takes place as well.
Are cyber crimes dangerous? It depends mainly on psychological resistance of the victim. One third of teenagers tested in study performed by Gemius declared that violation of their dignity in the web does not bother them. On the other hand 60% of respondents admit that those attacks make them nervous and angry, 40% - unpleasantness, 18% - fear, 13% - shame.
The most dangerous kind of internet violence is this kind of psycholgical and verbal agression which concerns social image of victim. Courage of aggressors often yields from conviction that they are "annonymous" but in reality "annonymous" does not mean "undetectable". When internauts will realize that everyone can be traced in the Web problem of Cyberbullying should decrease in volume.
czwartek, 17 lutego 2011
ICT i education and teachers role
ICT in education and a role of a teacher
The introduction into an education, the number of modern technologies, make role of teacher less and less important. Of course, in my opinion, it is crucial for ICT to be present in modern education, because it is suitable for youth and children, and helps to develop positive qualities. However, I strongly disagree with a position where modern technologies dominate in the whole education, because a result of such an action will be removal of the teacher from a process of education.
Why have I mentioned this matter in my blog? So, recently, I have found an article concerning Japan, more precisely Japanese school. In this school, children are taught by machines, instead of teachers. That’s why the revolution takes place. On the beginning there are only few machines in few classrooms, but everything points in the direction, where real teachers will be wholly replaced by robots. After I have read this article second time, I have started to wonder, where is the point and what will happen? Is that really what we want? Does the education could be even possible without a real teacher?
I assume, that example of Japanese school is a proof, that everything goes into one direction : Dehumanization of educational process. What clearly means that teacher will be fully replaced, it is obvious that such an action will be not good. Today’s young people and children cannot imagine their lives without computers, mobiles, internet and rest of newest technologies. Thus, the education has very important goal, live up to their needs and make learning easier and pleasant for them. It is one crucial question to be asked : If education without real teacher is a proper direction? Where is the sense of it?
We can notice changes of teacher’s role and a didactic process – from Herbert’s pedagogy through constructivism to connectivism. These changes clearly illustrate, how teacher’s role starts to be more limited. Nevertheless, is that our true concern? Education is a process, which is devoted to gaining wisdom and experience, however we cannot forget about shaping one’s personality. To show to pupil : “how to live?”. What could be the fundament of this part of education?
Do we really want for our children to seek this wisdom among the machines, instead of using experience that human kind has been gaining for all these years?
Modern education is going to exterminate a real teacher, who will not be needed as a tutor, an observer or a source of knowledge. Because machines and robots will replace human educators… .
With every positive aspect in favor of a modern media, we still just cannot compare it to the role of a true teacher. So, to say the truth, everything is up to materialistic matters, thus, education will be much cheaper without teachers. Computers, robots and machines would be not so expensive as teachers, who must get proper salary for their job. Despite everything, cheaper doesn’t mean better.
Nevertheless, it is not hard to notice that teacher is not only and the best source of knowledge, but machine never will be able to motivate, and inspire human being to learning, as teacher with calling.
We do not aspire to the situation where education with a teacher, would be a expensive privilege, not for everyone to afford. It’s quite just the opposite, we equip educators with high competence, authority and motivation. Moreover, we can even replace chalk and board with modern technologies, but we never expel the teacher from the school.
And how about You? In what way are You imagining education without teacher? Would the machines be better than people, or not?
http://articles.nydailynews.com/2009-03-11/news/17918779_1_human-robot-saya-teacher
http://articles.nydailynews.com/2009-03-11/news/17918779_1_human-robot-saya-teacher
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